11. Dasuttarasuttaṃ

350. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi. Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso bhikkhave’’ti! ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –

‘‘Dasuttaraṃ pavakkhāmi, dhammaṃ nibbānapattiyā;

Dukkhassantakiriyāya, sabbaganthappamocanaṃ’’.

Eko dhammo

351. ‘‘Eko, āvuso, dhammo bahukāro, eko dhammo bhāvetabbo, eko dhammo pariññeyyo, eko dhammo pahātabbo, eko dhammo hānabhāgiyo, eko dhammo visesabhāgiyo, eko dhammo duppaṭivijjho, eko dhammo uppādetabbo, eko dhammo abhiññeyyo, eko dhammo sacchikātabbo.

(Ka) ‘‘katamo eko dhammo bahukāro? Appamādo kusalesu dhammesu. Ayaṃ eko dhammo bahukāro.

(Kha) ‘‘katamo eko dhammo bhāvetabbo? Kāyagatāsati sātasahagatā. Ayaṃ eko dhammo bhāvetabbo.

(Ga) ‘‘katamo eko dhammo pariññeyyo? Phasso sāsavo upādāniyo. Ayaṃ eko dhammo pariññeyyo.

(Gha) ‘‘katamo eko dhammo pahātabbo? Asmimāno. Ayaṃ eko dhammo pahātabbo.

(Ṅa) ‘‘katamo eko dhammo hānabhāgiyo? Ayoniso manasikāro. Ayaṃ eko dhammo hānabhāgiyo.

(Ca) ‘‘katamo eko dhammo visesabhāgiyo? Yoniso manasikāro. Ayaṃ eko dhammo visesabhāgiyo.

(Cha) ‘‘katamo eko dhammo duppaṭivijjho? Ānantariko cetosamādhi. Ayaṃ eko dhammo duppaṭivijjho.

(Ja) ‘‘katamo eko dhammo uppādetabbo? Akuppaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Ayaṃ eko dhammo uppādetabbo.

(Jha) ‘‘katamo eko dhammo abhiññeyyo? Sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā. Ayaṃ eko dhammo abhiññeyyo.

(Ña) ‘‘katamo eko dhammo sacchikātabbo? Akuppā cetovimutti. Ayaṃ eko dhammo sacchikātabbo.

‘‘Iti ime dasa dhammā bhūtā tacchā tathā avitathā anaññathā sammā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā.

Dve dhammā

352. ‘‘Dve dhammā bahukārā, dve dhammā bhāvetabbā, dve dhammā pariññeyyā, dve dhammā pahātabbā , dve dhammā hānabhāgiyā, dve dhammā visesabhāgiyā, dve dhammā duppaṭivijjhā, dve dhammā uppādetabbā, dve dhammā abhiññeyyā, dve dhammā sacchikātabbā.

(Ka) ‘‘katame dve dhammā bahukārā? Sati ca sampajaññañca. Ime dve dhammā bahukārā.

(Kha) ‘‘katame dve dhammā bhāvetabbā? Samatho ca vipassanā ca. Ime dve dhammā bhāvetabbā.

(Ga) ‘‘katame dve dhammā pariññeyyā? Nāmañca rūpañca. Ime dve dhammā pariññeyyā.

(Gha) ‘‘katame dve dhammā pahātabbā? Avijjā ca bhavataṇhā ca. Ime dve dhammā pahātabbā.

(Ṅa) ‘‘katame dve dhammā hānabhāgiyā? Dovacassatā ca pāpamittatā ca. Ime dve dhammā hānabhāgiyā.

(Ca) ‘‘katame dve dhammā visesabhāgiyā? Sovacassatā ca kalyāṇamittatā ca. Ime dve dhammā visesabhāgiyā.

(Cha) ‘‘katame dve dhammā duppaṭivijjhā? Yo ca hetu yo ca paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya, yo ca hetu yo ca paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā. Ime dve dhammā duppaṭivijjhā.

(Ja) ‘‘katame dve dhammā uppādetabbā? Dve ñāṇāni – khaye ñāṇaṃ, anuppāde ñāṇaṃ. Ime dve dhammā uppādetabbā.

(Jha) ‘‘katame dve dhammā abhiññeyyā? Dve dhātuyo – saṅkhatā ca dhātu asaṅkhatā ca dhātu. Ime dve dhammā abhiññeyyā.

(Ña) ‘‘katame dve dhammā sacchikātabbā? Vijjā ca vimutti ca. Ime dve dhammā sacchikātabbā.

‘‘Iti ime vīsati dhammā bhūtā tacchā tathā avitathā anaññathā sammā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā.

Tayo dhammā



这是我对文本的完整直译:
十上经
如是我闻。一时,世尊与大比丘僧团约五百比丘一起,住在瞻波(Campā)城伽伽罗池(Gaggarā)岸边。那时,尊者舍利弗对比丘们说:"诸比丘贤友!"那些比丘回答尊者舍利弗:"贤友。"尊者舍利弗说道:
"我将宣说十上法,为证涅槃之法,
为终结苦,解脱一切结。"
一法
"贤友们,一法多所作用,一法应修习,一法应遍知,一法应断,一法属衰退分,一法属殊胜分,一法难通达,一法应生起,一法应证知,一法应证悟。
(甲)"什么是一法多所作用?不放逸于善法。这是一法多所作用。
(乙)"什么是一法应修习?与乐俱行的身至念。这是一法应修习。
(丙)"什么是一法应遍知?有漏有取的触。这是一法应遍知。
(丁)"什么是一法应断?我慢。这是一法应断。
(戊)"什么是一法属衰退分?不如理作意。这是一法属衰退分。
(己)"什么是一法属殊胜分?如理作意。这是一法属殊胜分。
(庚)"什么是一法难通达?无间心定。这是一法难通达。
(辛)"什么是一法应生起?不动智。这是一法应生起。
(壬)"什么是一法应证知?一切众生依食而住。这是一法应证知。
(癸)"什么是一法应证悟?不动心解脱。这是一法应证悟。
"如是这十法是真实、如实、不虚、不异,为如来正等觉。
二法
"二法多所作用,二法应修习,二法应遍知,二法应断,二法属衰退分,二法属殊胜分,二法难通达,二法应生起,二法应证知,二法应证悟。
(甲)"什么是二法多所作用?念和正知。这是二法多所作用。
(乙)"什么是二法应修习?止和观。这是二法应修习。
(丙)"什么是二法应遍知?名和色。这是二法应遍知。
(丁)"什么是二法应断?无明和有爱。这是二法应断。
(戊)"什么是二法属衰退分?难教性和恶友性。这是二法属衰退分。
(己)"什么是二法属殊胜分?易教性和善友性。这是二法属殊胜分。
(庚)"什么是二法难通达?众生污染的因和缘,众生清净的因和缘。这是二法难通达。
(辛)"什么是二法应生起?二智:尽智和无生智。这是二法应生起。
(壬)"什么是二法应证知?二界:有为界和无为界。这是二法应证知。
(癸)"什么是二法应证悟?明和解脱。这是二法应证悟。
"如是这二十法是真实、如实、不虚、不异,为如来正等觉。
三法

353. ‘‘Tayo dhammā bahukārā, tayo dhammā bhāvetabbā…pe… tayo dhammā sacchikātabbā.

(Ka) ‘‘katame tayo dhammā bahukārā? Sappurisasaṃsevo, saddhammassavanaṃ, dhammānudhammappaṭipatti. Ime tayo dhammā bahukārā.

(Kha) ‘‘katame tayo dhammā bhāvetabbā? Tayo samādhī – savitakko savicāro samādhi, avitakko vicāramatto samādhi, avitakko avicāro samādhi. Ime tayo dhammā bhāvetabbā.

(Ga) ‘‘katame tayo dhammā pariññeyyā? Tisso vedanā – sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā. Ime tayo dhammā pariññeyyā.

(Gha) ‘‘katame tayo dhammā pahātabbā? Tisso taṇhā – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā. Ime tayo dhammā pahātabbā.

(Ṅa) ‘‘katame tayo dhammā hānabhāgiyā? Tīṇi akusalamūlāni – lobho akusalamūlaṃ, doso akusalamūlaṃ, moho akusalamūlaṃ. Ime tayo dhammā hānabhāgiyā.

(Ca) ‘‘katame tayo dhammā visesabhāgiyā? Tīṇi kusalamūlāni – alobho kusalamūlaṃ, adoso kusalamūlaṃ, amoho kusalamūlaṃ. Ime tayo dhammā visesabhāgiyā.

(Cha) ‘‘katame tayo dhammā duppaṭivijjhā? Tisso nissaraṇiyā dhātuyo – kāmānametaṃ nissaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ nekkhammaṃ, rūpānametaṃ nissaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ arūpaṃ, yaṃ kho pana kiñci bhūtaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ, nirodho tassa nissaraṇaṃ. Ime tayo dhammā duppaṭivijjhā.

(Ja) ‘‘katame tayo dhammā uppādetabbā? Tīṇi ñāṇāni – atītaṃse ñāṇaṃ, anāgataṃse ñāṇaṃ, paccuppannaṃse ñāṇaṃ. Ime tayo dhammā uppādetabbā.

(Jha) ‘‘katame tayo dhammā abhiññeyyā? Tisso dhātuyo – kāmadhātu, rūpadhātu, arūpadhātu. Ime tayo dhammā abhiññeyyā.

(Ña) ‘‘katame tayo dhammā sacchikātabbā? Tisso vijjā – pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ vijjā, sattānaṃ cutūpapāte ñāṇaṃ vijjā, āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇaṃ vijjā. Ime tayo dhammā sacchikātabbā.

‘‘Iti ime tiṃsa dhammā bhūtā tacchā tathā avitathā anaññathā sammā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā.

Cattāro dhammā



三法多所作用,三法应修习......三法应证悟。
(甲)什么是三法多所作用?亲近善士,听闻正法,如法修行。这是三法多所作用。
(乙)什么是三法应修习?三种定:有寻有伺定,无寻唯伺定,无寻无伺定。这是三法应修习。
(丙)什么是三法应遍知?三受:乐受,苦受,不苦不乐受。这是三法应遍知。
(丁)什么是三法应断?三爱:欲爱,有爱,无有爱。这是三法应断。
(戊)什么是三法属衰退分?三不善根:贪不善根,嗔不善根,痴不善根。这是三法属衰退分。
(己)什么是三法属殊胜分?三善根:无贪善根,无嗔善根,无痴善根。这是三法属殊胜分。
(庚)什么是三法难通达?三出离界:出离欲的是出离,出离色的是无色,凡是有为、缘起的,其灭尽是出离。这是三法难通达。
(辛)什么是三法应生起?三智:过去智,未来智,现在智。这是三法应生起。
(壬)什么是三法应证知?三界:欲界,色界,无色界。这是三法应证知。
(癸)什么是三法应证悟?三明:宿命随念智明,众生死生智明,漏尽智明。这是三法应证悟。
如是这三十法是真实、如实、不虚、不异,为如来正等觉。
四法

354. ‘‘Cattāro dhammā bahukārā, cattāro dhammā bhāvetabbā…pe… cattāro dhammā sacchikātabbā.

(Ka) ‘‘katame cattāro dhammā bahukārā? Cattāri cakkāni – patirūpadesavāso, sappurisūpanissayo [sappurisupassayo (syā. kaṃ.)], attasammāpaṇidhi, pubbe ca katapuññatā. Ime cattāro dhammā bahukārā.

(Kha) ‘‘katame cattāro dhammā bhāvetabbā? Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Vedanāsu…pe… citte… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Ime cattāro dhammā bhāvetabbā.

(Ga) ‘‘katame cattāro dhammā pariññeyyā? Cattāro āhārā – kabaḷīkāro [kavaḷīkāro (syā. kaṃ.)] āhāro oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā, phasso dutiyo, manosañcetanā tatiyā, viññāṇaṃ catutthaṃ. Ime cattāro dhammā pariññeyyā.

(Gha) ‘‘katame cattāro dhammā pahātabbā? Cattāro oghā – kāmogho, bhavogho, diṭṭhogho, avijjogho. Ime cattāro dhammā pahātabbā.

(Ṅa) ‘‘katame cattāro dhammā hānabhāgiyā? Cattāro yogā – kāmayogo, bhavayogo, diṭṭhiyogo, avijjāyogo. Ime cattāro dhammā hānabhāgiyā.

(Ca) ‘‘katame cattāro dhammā visesabhāgiyā? Cattāro visaññogā – kāmayogavisaṃyogo, bhavayogavisaṃyogo, diṭṭhiyogavisaṃyogo, avijjāyogavisaṃyogo. Ime cattāro dhammā visesabhāgiyā.

(Cha) ‘‘katame cattāro dhammā duppaṭivijjhā? Cattāro samādhī – hānabhāgiyo samādhi, ṭhitibhāgiyo samādhi, visesabhāgiyo samādhi, nibbedhabhāgiyo samādhi. Ime cattāro dhammā duppaṭivijjhā.

(Ja) ‘‘katame cattāro dhammā uppādetabbā? Cattāri ñāṇāni – dhamme ñāṇaṃ, anvaye ñāṇaṃ, pariye ñāṇaṃ, sammutiyā ñāṇaṃ. Ime cattāro dhammā uppādetabbā.

(Jha) ‘‘katame cattāro dhammā abhiññeyyā? Cattāri ariyasaccāni – dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ [dukkhasamudayo (syā. kaṃ.)] ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ [dukkhanirodho (syā. kaṃ.)] ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Ime cattāro dhammā abhiññeyyā.

(Ña) ‘‘katame cattāro dhammā sacchikātabbā? Cattāri sāmaññaphalāni – sotāpattiphalaṃ, sakadāgāmiphalaṃ, anāgāmiphalaṃ, arahattaphalaṃ . Ime cattāro dhammā sacchikātabbā.

‘‘Iti ime cattārīsadhammā bhūtā tacchā tathā avitathā anaññathā sammā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā.

Pañca dhammā



四法多所作用,四法应修习......四法应证悟。
(甲)什么是四法多所作用?四轮:住适宜处,依止善士,正确自我导向,宿世福业。这是四法多所作用。
(乙)什么是四法应修习?四念处:贤友们,比丘于身观身而住,精勤、正知、正念,除世间贪忧。于受......于心......于法观法而住,精勤、正知、正念,除世间贪忧。这是四法应修习。
(丙)什么是四法应遍知?四食:粗细段食,触为第二,意思为第三,识为第四。这是四法应遍知。
(丁)什么是四法应断?四暴流:欲暴流,有暴流,见暴流,无明暴流。这是四法应断。
(戊)什么是四法属衰退分?四轭:欲轭,有轭,见轭,无明轭。这是四法属衰退分。
(己)什么是四法属殊胜分?四离系:离欲轭,离有轭,离见轭,离无明轭。这是四法属殊胜分。
(庚)什么是四法难通达?四定:属衰退分定,属安住分定,属殊胜分定,属通达分定。这是四法难通达。
(辛)什么是四法应生起?四智:法智,类智,他心智,世俗智。这是四法应生起。
(壬)什么是四法应证知?四圣谛:苦圣谛,苦集圣谛,苦灭圣谛,趣苦灭道圣谛。这是四法应证知。
(癸)什么是四法应证悟?四沙门果:预流果,一来果,不还果,阿罗汉果。这是四法应证悟。
如是这四十法是真实、如实、不虚、不异,为如来正等觉。
五法

355. ‘‘Pañca dhammā bahukārā…pe… pañca dhammā sacchikātabbā.

(Ka) ‘‘katame pañca dhammā bahukārā? Pañca padhāniyaṅgāni – idhāvuso, bhikkhu saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Appābādho hoti appātaṅko samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya majjhimāya padhānakkhamāya. Asaṭho hoti amāyāvī yathābhūtamattānaṃ āvīkattā satthari vā viññūsu vā sabrahmacārīsu. Āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Ime pañca dhammā bahukārā.

(Kha) ‘‘katame pañca dhammā bhāvetabbā? Pañcaṅgiko sammāsamādhi – pītipharaṇatā, sukhapharaṇatā, cetopharaṇatā , ālokapharaṇatā, paccavekkhaṇanimittaṃ [paccavekkhaṇānimittaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)]. Ime pañca dhammā bhāvetabbā.

(Ga) ‘‘katame pañca dhammā pariññeyyā? Pañcupādānakkhandhā [seyyathīdaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ime pañca dhammā pariññeyyā.

(Gha) ‘‘katame pañca dhammā pahātabbā? Pañca nīvaraṇāni – kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ, byāpādanīvaraṇaṃ, thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ, uddhaccakukuccanīvaraṇaṃ, vicikicchānīvaraṇaṃ. Ime pañca dhammā pahātabbā.

(Ṅa) ‘‘katame pañca dhammā hānabhāgiyā? Pañca cetokhilā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati. Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya . Ayaṃ paṭhamo cetokhilo. Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu dhamme kaṅkhati vicikicchati…pe… saṅghe kaṅkhati vicikicchati…pe… sikkhāya kaṅkhati vicikicchati…pe… sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto, yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Ayaṃ pañcamo cetokhilo. Ime pañca dhammā hānabhāgiyā.

(Ca) ‘‘katame pañca dhammā visesabhāgiyā? Pañcindriyāni – saddhindriyaṃ, vīriyindriyaṃ, satindriyaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ, paññindriyaṃ. Ime pañca dhammā visesabhāgiyā.

(Cha) ‘‘katame pañca dhammā duppaṭivijjhā? Pañca nissaraṇiyā dhātuyo – idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāme manasikaroto kāmesu cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati. Nekkhammaṃ kho panassa manasikaroto nekkhamme cittaṃ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ sugataṃ subhāvitaṃ suvuṭṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ kāmehi. Ye ca kāmapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi. Na so taṃ vedanaṃ vedeti. Idamakkhātaṃ kāmānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno byāpādaṃ manasikaroto byāpāde cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati. Abyāpādaṃ kho panassa manasikaroto abyāpāde cittaṃ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ sugataṃ subhāvitaṃ suvuṭṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ byāpādena. Ye ca byāpādapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi. Na so taṃ vedanaṃ vedeti. Idamakkhātaṃ byāpādassa nissaraṇaṃ.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno vihesaṃ manasikaroto vihesāya cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati. Avihesaṃ kho panassa manasikaroto avihesāya cittaṃ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati . Tassa taṃ cittaṃ sugataṃ subhāvitaṃ suvuṭṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ vihesāya. Ye ca vihesāpaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi. Na so taṃ vedanaṃ vedeti. Idamakkhātaṃ vihesāya nissaraṇaṃ.


五法多所作用......五法应证悟。
(甲)什么是五法多所作用?五精进支:贤友们,比丘有信,信如来的觉悟 - "世尊是阿罗汉、正等觉、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。"少病少恼,具备平衡的消化,不冷不热,适合精进。不虚伪不欺诈,如实向导师或有智同梵行者显示自己。精进而住,为断不善法,为具足善法,有力、坚固精进,于善法不舍重担。有慧,具足生灭慧,圣、出离、正趣苦灭。这是五法多所作用。
(乙)什么是五法应修习?五支正定:遍满喜、遍满乐、遍满心、遍满光明、观察相。这是五法应修习。
(丙)什么是五法应遍知?五取蕴:色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。这是五法应遍知。
(丁)什么是五法应断?五盖:欲贪盖、嗔恚盖、昏沉睡眠盖、掉举恶作盖、疑盖。这是五法应断。
(戊)什么是五法属衰退分?五心荒蕪:贤友们,比丘对导师怀疑、犹豫、不确信、不净信。贤友们,比丘对导师怀疑、犹豫、不确信、不净信,其心不倾向热忱、专注、恒常、精进。其心不倾向热忱、专注、恒常、精进,这是第一心荒蕪。再者,贤友们,比丘对法怀疑、犹豫......对僧怀疑、犹豫......对学处怀疑、犹豫......对同梵行者生气、不悦、心受伤害、变得顽固。贤友们,比丘对同梵行者生气、不悦、心受伤害、变得顽固,其心不倾向热忱、专注、恒常、精进。其心不倾向热忱、专注、恒常、精进,这是第五心荒蕪。这是五法属衰退分。
(己)什么是五法属殊胜分?五根:信根、精进根、念根、定根、慧根。这是五法属殊胜分。
(庚)什么是五法难通达?五出离界:贤友们,比丘作意欲时,心不趣向、不信乐、不安住、不解脱于欲。但作意出离时,心趣向、信乐、安住、解脱于出离。他的心善修、善立、善出、善解脱、离欲。凡因欲而生的漏、恼害、热恼,他从中解脱。他不感受那种感受。这被称为欲的出离。
再者,贤友们,比丘作意嗔恚时,心不趣向、不信乐、不安住、不解脱于嗔恚。但作意无嗔时,心趣向、信乐、安住、解脱于无嗔。他的心善修、善立、善出、善解脱、离嗔恚。凡因嗔恚而生的漏、恼害、热恼,他从中解脱。他不感受那种感受。这被称为嗔恚的出离。
再者,贤友们,比丘作意伤害时,心不趣向、不信乐、不安住、不解脱于伤害。但作意无害时,心趣向、信乐、安住、解脱于无害。他的心善修、善立、善出、善解脱、离伤害。凡因伤害而生的漏、恼害、热恼,他从中解脱。他不感受那种感受。这被称为伤害的出离。


‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno rūpe manasikaroto rūpesu cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati. Arūpaṃ kho panassa manasikaroto arūpe cittaṃ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ sugataṃ subhāvitaṃ suvuṭṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ rūpehi. Ye ca rūpapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi. Na so taṃ vedanaṃ vedeti. Idamakkhātaṃ rūpānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno sakkāyaṃ manasikaroto sakkāye cittaṃ na pakkhandati na pasīdati na santiṭṭhati na vimuccati. Sakkāyanirodhaṃ kho panassa manasikaroto sakkāyanirodhe cittaṃ pakkhandati pasīdati santiṭṭhati vimuccati. Tassa taṃ cittaṃ sugataṃ subhāvitaṃ suvuṭṭhitaṃ suvimuttaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ sakkāyena. Ye ca sakkāyapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātā pariḷāhā, mutto so tehi. Na so taṃ vedanaṃ vedeti. Idamakkhātaṃ sakkāyassa nissaraṇaṃ. Ime pañca dhammā duppaṭivijjhā.

(Ja) ‘‘katame pañca dhammā uppādetabbā? Pañca ñāṇiko sammāsamādhi – ‘ayaṃ samādhi paccuppannasukho ceva āyatiñca sukhavipāko’ti paccattaṃyeva ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. ‘Ayaṃ samādhi ariyo nirāmiso’ti paccattaññeva ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. ‘Ayaṃ samādhi akāpurisasevito’ti paccattaṃyeva ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. ‘Ayaṃ samādhi santo paṇīto paṭippassaddhaladdho ekodibhāvādhigato, na sasaṅkhāraniggayhavāritagato’ti [na ca sasaṅkhāraniggayha vāritavatoti (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.), na sasaṅkhāraniggayhavārivāvato (ka.), na sasaṅkhāraniggayhavāriyādhigato (?)] paccattaṃyeva ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. ‘So kho panāhaṃ imaṃ samādhiṃ satova samāpajjāmi sato vuṭṭhahāmī’ti paccattaṃyeva ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Ime pañca dhammā uppādetabbā.

(Jha) ‘‘katame pañca dhammā abhiññeyyā? Pañca vimuttāyatanāni – idhāvuso, bhikkhuno satthā dhammaṃ deseti aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī. Yathā yathā, āvuso, bhikkhuno satthā dhammaṃ deseti, aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, tathā tathā so [bhikkhu (syā. kaṃ.)] tasmiṃ dhamme atthappaṭisaṃvedī ca hoti dhammapaṭisaṃvedī ca. Tassa atthappaṭisaṃvedino dhammapaṭisaṃvedino pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno na heva kho satthā dhammaṃ deseti, aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, api ca kho yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ deseti yathā yathā, āvuso, bhikkhu yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ deseti. Tathā tathā so tasmiṃ dhamme atthappaṭisaṃvedī ca hoti dhammapaṭisaṃvedī ca. Tassa atthappaṭisaṃvedino dhammapaṭisaṃvedino pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno na heva kho satthā dhammaṃ deseti, aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ deseti. Api ca kho, yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena sajjhāyaṃ karoti. Yathā yathā, āvuso, bhikkhu yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena sajjhāyaṃ karoti tathā tathā so tasmiṃ dhamme atthappaṭisaṃvedī ca hoti dhammapaṭisaṃvedī ca. Tassa atthappaṭisaṃvedino dhammapaṭisaṃvedino pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Idaṃ tatiyaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ.


再者,贤友们,比丘作意色时,心不趣向、不信乐、不安住、不解脱于色。但作意无色时,心趣向、信乐、安住、解脱于无色。他的心善修、善立、善出、善解脱、离色。凡因色而生的漏、恼害、热恼,他从中解脱。他不感受那种感受。这被称为色的出离。
再者,贤友们,比丘作意有身时,心不趣向、不信乐、不安住、不解脱于有身。但作意有身灭时,心趣向、信乐、安住、解脱于有身灭。他的心善修、善立、善出、善解脱、离有身。凡因有身而生的漏、恼害、热恼,他从中解脱。他不感受那种感受。这被称为有身的出离。这是五法难通达。
(辛)什么是五法应生起?五智正定:自身生起智:"此定现在乐且未来有乐报。"自身生起智:"此定是圣、无染。"自身生起智:"此定非恶人所行。"自身生起智:"此定寂静、殊胜、得轻安、成一境性,非以行作、抑制而得。"自身生起智:"我正念入此定,正念出此定。"这是五法应生起。
(壬)什么是五法应证知?五解脱处:贤友们,导师或某位尊重的同梵行者为比丘说法。贤友们,导师或某位尊重的同梵行者如何如何为比丘说法,他如是如是于法得义受、法受。他得义受、法受时,生欢悦;欢悦者生喜;意喜者身轻安;身轻安者受乐;乐者心定。这是第一解脱处。
再者,贤友们,导师或某位尊重的同梵行者不为比丘说法,但他如所闻、所学广为他人说法。贤友们,比丘如何如何如所闻、所学广为他人说法,他如是如是于法得义受、法受。他得义受、法受时,生欢悦;欢悦者生喜;意喜者身轻安;身轻安者受乐;乐者心定。这是第二解脱处。
再者,贤友们,导师或某位尊重的同梵行者不为比丘说法,他也不如所闻、所学广为他人说法。但是,他如所闻、所学广作诵习。贤友们,比丘如何如何如所闻、所学广作诵习,他如是如是于法得义受、法受。他得义受、法受时,生欢悦;欢悦者生喜;意喜者身轻安;身轻安者受乐;乐者心定。这是第三解脱处。


‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno na heva kho satthā dhammaṃ deseti, aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ deseti, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena sajjhāyaṃ karoti. Api ca kho, yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ cetasā anuvitakketi anuvicāreti manasānupekkhati. Yathā yathā , āvuso , bhikkhu yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ cetasā anuvitakketi anuvicāreti manasānupekkhati tathā tathā so tasmiṃ dhamme atthappaṭisaṃvedī ca hoti dhammapaṭisaṃvedī ca. Tassa atthappaṭisaṃvedino dhammapaṭisaṃvedino pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Idaṃ catutthaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno na heva kho satthā dhammaṃ deseti, aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ deseti, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena sajjhāyaṃ karoti, nāpi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ cetasā anuvitakketi anuvicāreti manasānupekkhati; api ca khvassa aññataraṃ samādhinimittaṃ suggahitaṃ hoti sumanasikataṃ sūpadhāritaṃ suppaṭividdhaṃ paññāya. Yathā yathā, āvuso, bhikkhuno aññataraṃ samādhinimittaṃ suggahitaṃ hoti sumanasikataṃ sūpadhāritaṃ suppaṭividdhaṃ paññāya tathā tathā so tasmiṃ dhamme atthappaṭisaṃvedī ca hoti dhammappaṭisaṃvedī ca. Tassa atthappaṭisaṃvedino dhammappaṭisaṃvedino pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Idaṃ pañcamaṃ vimuttāyatanaṃ. Ime pañca dhammā abhiññeyyā.

(Ña) ‘‘katame pañca dhammā sacchikātabbā? Pañca dhammakkhandhā – sīlakkhandho , samādhikkhandho, paññākkhandho, vimuttikkhandho, vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandho. Ime pañca dhammā sacchikātabbā.

‘‘Iti ime paññāsa dhammā bhūtā tacchā tathā avitathā anaññathā sammā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā.

Cha dhammā



再者,贤友们,导师或某位尊重的同梵行者不为比丘说法,他也不如所闻、所学广为他人说法,也不如所闻、所学广作诵习。但是,他如所闻、所学以心思惟、深思、意观察。贤友们,比丘如何如何如所闻、所学以心思惟、深思、意观察,他如是如是于法得义受、法受。他得义受、法受时,生欢悦;欢悦者生喜;意喜者身轻安;身轻安者受乐;乐者心定。这是第四解脱处。
再者,贤友们,导师或某位尊重的同梵行者不为比丘说法,他也不如所闻、所学广为他人说法,也不如所闻、所学广作诵习,也不如所闻、所学以心思惟、深思、意观察;但是他善取、善作意、善持、以慧善通达某种定相。贤友们,比丘如何如何善取、善作意、善持、以慧善通达某种定相,他如是如是于法得义受、法受。他得义受、法受时,生欢悦;欢悦者生喜;意喜者身轻安;身轻安者受乐;乐者心定。这是第五解脱处。这是五法应证知。
(癸)什么是五法应证悟?五法蕴:戒蕴、定蕴、慧蕴、解脱蕴、解脱知见蕴。这是五法应证悟。
如是这五十法是真实、如实、不虚、不异,为如来正等觉。
六法

356. ‘‘Cha dhammā bahukārā…pe… cha dhammā sacchikātabbā.

(Ka) ‘‘katame cha dhammā bahukārā? Cha sāraṇīyā dhammā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca, ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ…pe… ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno mettaṃ manokammaṃ…pe… ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu ye te lābhā dhammikā dhammaladdhā antamaso pattapariyāpannamattampi, tathārūpehi lābhehi appaṭivibhattabhogī hoti sīlavantehi sabrahmacārīhi sādhāraṇabhogī, ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo…pe… ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu, yāni tāni sīlāni akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṃvattanikāni, tathārūpesu sīlesu sīlasāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca, ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo…pe… ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāyaṃ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya, tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā diṭṭhi sāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca, ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo, saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattati. Ime cha dhammā bahukārā.

(Kha) ‘‘katame cha dhammā bhāvetabbā? Cha anussatiṭṭhānāni – buddhānussati, dhammānussati, saṅghānussati, sīlānussati, cāgānussati, devatānussati. Ime cha dhammā bhāvetabbā.

(Ga) ‘‘katame cha dhammā pariññeyyā? Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni – cakkhāyatanaṃ, sotāyatanaṃ, ghānāyatanaṃ, jivhāyatanaṃ, kāyāyatanaṃ, manāyatanaṃ. Ime cha dhammā pariññeyyā.

(Gha) ‘‘katame cha dhammā pahātabbā? Cha taṇhākāyā – rūpataṇhā, saddataṇhā, gandhataṇhā, rasataṇhā, phoṭṭhabbataṇhā, dhammataṇhā. Ime cha dhammā pahātabbā.

(Ṅa) ‘‘katame cha dhammā hānabhāgiyā? Cha agāravā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu satthari agāravo viharati appatisso. Dhamme…pe… saṅghe… sikkhāya… appamāde… paṭisanthāre agāravo viharati appatisso. Ime cha dhammā hānabhāgiyā.

(Ca) ‘‘katame cha dhammā visesabhāgiyā? Cha gāravā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu satthari sagāravo viharati sappatisso dhamme…pe… saṅghe… sikkhāya… appamāde… paṭisanthāre sagāravo viharati sappatisso. Ime cha dhammā visesabhāgiyā.

(Cha) ‘‘katame cha dhammā duppaṭivijjhā? Cha nissaraṇiyā dhātuyo – idhāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘mettā hi kho me, cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā, atha ca pana me byāpādo cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti. So ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca, mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi. Na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṃ, na hi bhagavā evaṃ vadeyya. Aṭṭhānametaṃ āvuso anavakāso yaṃ mettāya cetovimuttiyā bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya. Atha ca panassa byāpādo cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatīti, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, byāpādassa, yadidaṃ mettācetovimuttī’ti.

‘‘Idha panāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘karuṇā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā. Atha ca pana me vihesā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti. So – ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo, ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca, mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi…pe… nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, vihesāya, yadidaṃ karuṇācetovimuttī’ti.

‘‘Idha panāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘muditā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā…pe… atha ca pana me arati cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti. So – ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca…pe… nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso aratiyā, yadidaṃ muditācetovimuttī’ti.

‘‘Idha panāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘upekkhā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā…pe… atha ca pana me rāgo cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti. So – ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca…pe… nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, rāgassa yadidaṃ upekkhācetovimuttī’ti.


六法多所作用......六法应证悟。
(甲)什么是六法多所作用?六和敬法。贤友们,比丘对同梵行者,无论公开或私下,以慈身业对待,这是可念、可爱、可敬的法,能摄受、无诤、和合、一致。
再者,贤友们,比丘......以慈语业......能一致。
再者,贤友们,比丘......以慈意业......能一致。
再者,贤友们,比丘对于如法所得之利,乃至仅得钵中之食,也与持戒同梵行者共享,这是可念......能一致。
再者,贤友们,比丘对于无缺、无破、无污、无杂、自在、智者所赞、无执著、导向定的戒,与同梵行者无论公开或私下,保持戒的一致,这是可念......能一致。
再者,贤友们,比丘对于圣、出离、正趣苦灭的见,与同梵行者无论公开或私下,保持见的一致,这是可念、可爱、可敬的法,能摄受、无诤、和合、一致。这是六法多所作用。
(乙)什么是六法应修习?六随念处:佛随念、法随念、僧随念、戒随念、舍随念、天随念。这是六法应修习。
(丙)什么是六法应遍知?六内处:眼处、耳处、鼻处、舌处、身处、意处。这是六法应遍知。
(丁)什么是六法应断?六爱身:色爱、声爱、香爱、味爱、触爱、法爱。这是六法应断。
(戊)什么是六法属衰退分?六不恭敬:贤友们,比丘对导师不恭敬、不顺从。对法......对僧......对学处......对不放逸......对待客不恭敬、不顺从。这是六法属衰退分。
(己)什么是六法属殊胜分?六恭敬:贤友们,比丘对导师恭敬、顺从。对法......对僧......对学处......对不放逸......对待客恭敬、顺从。这是六法属殊胜分。
(庚)什么是六法难通达?六出离界:贤友们,比丘如是说:"我已修习、多修、作为车乘、作为基础、确立、熟习、善精勤慈心解脱,然而嗔恚仍占据我心。"应对他说:"尊者勿作是说,勿诽谤世尊,诽谤世尊实非善,世尊不作是说。贤友,无有是处,不可能修习、多修、作为车乘、作为基础、确立、熟习、善精勤慈心解脱,而嗔恚仍占据其心,此事不可能。贤友,此慈心解脱是嗔恚的出离。"
再者,贤友们,比丘如是说:"我已修习......悲心解脱,然而害心仍占据我心。"应对他说:"尊者勿作是说......贤友,此悲心解脱是害心的出离。"
再者,贤友们,比丘如是说:"我已修习......喜心解脱,然而不悦仍占据我心。"应对他说:"尊者勿作是说......贤友,此喜心解脱是不悦的出离。"
再者,贤友们,比丘如是说:"我已修习......舍心解脱,然而贪仍占据我心。"应对他说:"尊者勿作是说......贤友,此舍心解脱是贪的出离。"


‘‘Idha panāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘animittā hi kho me cetovimutti bhāvitā…pe… atha ca pana me nimittānusāri viññāṇaṃ hotī’ti. So – ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca…pe… nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, sabbanimittānaṃ yadidaṃ animittā cetovimuttī’ti.

‘‘Idha panāvuso, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘asmīti kho me vigataṃ, ayamahamasmīti na samanupassāmi, atha ca pana me vicikicchākathaṃkathāsallaṃ cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’ti. So – ‘mā hevaṃ’ tissa vacanīyo ‘māyasmā evaṃ avaca, mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṃ, na hi bhagavā evaṃ vadeyya. Aṭṭhānametaṃ, āvuso, anavakāso yaṃ asmīti vigate ayamahamasmīti asamanupassato. Atha ca panassa vicikicchākathaṃkathāsallaṃ cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassati, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, vicikicchākathaṃkathāsallassa, yadidaṃ asmimānasamugghāṭo’ti. Ime cha dhammā duppaṭivijjhā.

(Ja) ‘‘katame cha dhammā uppādetabbā? Cha satatavihārā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Ime cha dhammā uppādetabbā.

(Jha) ‘‘katame cha dhammā abhiññeyyā? Cha anuttariyāni – dassanānuttariyaṃ, savanānuttariyaṃ, lābhānuttariyaṃ, sikkhānuttariyaṃ, pāricariyānuttariyaṃ, anussatānuttariyaṃ. Ime cha dhammā abhiññeyyā.

(Ña) ‘‘katame cha dhammā sacchikātabbā? Cha abhiññā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti , bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti. Āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ. Tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchati seyyathāpi ākāse . Pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti seyyathāpi udake. Udakepi abhijjamāne gacchati seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ. Ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamati seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo. Imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmasati parimajjati. Yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti.

‘‘Dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāti dibbe ca mānuse ca, ye dūre santike ca.

‘‘Parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti [jānāti (syā. kaṃ.)], sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāti …pe… avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāti.

‘‘So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ ekampi jātiṃ…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.

‘‘Dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti …pe…

‘‘Āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Ime cha dhammā sacchikātabbā.

‘‘Iti ime saṭṭhi dhammā bhūtā tacchā tathā avitathā anaññathā sammā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā.

Satta dhammā



再者,贤友们,比丘如是说:"我已修习......无相心解脱,然而我的识仍随相而行。"应对他说:"尊者勿作是说......贤友,此无相心解脱是一切相的出离。"
再者,贤友们,比丘如是说:"我已离'我是',不再认为'我是这个',然而疑惑、犹豫之箭仍占据我心。"应对他说:"尊者勿作是说,勿诽谤世尊,诽谤世尊实非善,世尊不作是说。贤友,无有是处,不可能已离'我是'、不再认为'我是这个',而疑惑、犹豫之箭仍占据其心,此事不可能。贤友,此我慢的根除是疑惑、犹豫之箭的出离。"这是六法难通达。
(辛)什么是六法应生起?六恒住:贤友们,比丘以眼见色,不喜不忧,住于舍,正念正知。以耳闻声......以鼻嗅香......以舌尝味......以身触所触......以意识法,不喜不忧,住于舍,正念正知。这是六法应生起。
(壬)什么是六法应证知?六无上:见无上、闻无上、得无上、学无上、事无上、念无上。这是六法应证知。
(癸)什么是六法应证悟?六神通:贤友们,比丘体验种种神变 - 一身变多,多身变一。显现隐没。穿墙越壁,穿山如空。地中出没如水中。水上行走如地上。空中结跏趺坐如鸟飞。手触摸如此大神力大威德的日月。身自在力至梵天界。
以清净超人的天耳界,闻两种声:天与人,远与近。
以心了知其他众生、其他人的心,有贪心知有贪心......未解脱心知未解脱心。
他忆念种种宿住,如一生......如是种种宿住,有相、有细节地忆念。
以清净超人的天眼,见众生死时、生时,低贱、高贵,美丽、丑陋,幸福、不幸,随业而去......
以诸漏尽,无漏心解脱、慧解脱,现法自知作证,具足住。这是六法应证悟。
如是这六十法是真实、如实、不虚、不异,为如来正等觉。
七法

357. ‘‘Satta dhammā bahukārā…pe… satta dhammā sacchikātabbā.

(Ka) ‘‘katame satta dhammā bahukārā? Satta ariyadhanāni – saddhādhanaṃ, sīladhanaṃ, hiridhanaṃ, ottappadhanaṃ, sutadhanaṃ, cāgadhanaṃ, paññādhanaṃ. Ime satta dhammā bahukārā.

(Kha) ‘‘katame satta dhammā bhāvetabbā? Satta sambojjhaṅgā – satisambojjhaṅgo, dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo, vīriyasambojjhaṅgo, pītisambojjhaṅgo, passaddhisambojjhaṅgo, samādhisambojjhaṅgo, upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo . Ime satta dhammā bhāvetabbā.

(Ga) ‘‘katame satta dhammā pariññeyyā? Satta viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo – santāvuso, sattā nānattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi manussā ekacce ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā. Ayaṃ paṭhamā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.

‘‘Santāvuso , sattā nānattakāyā ekattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā brahmakāyikā paṭhamābhinibbattā. Ayaṃ dutiyā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā ābhassarā. Ayaṃ tatiyā viññāṇaṭṭhiti.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā ekattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā subhakiṇhā. Ayaṃ catutthī viññāṇaṭṭhiti.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā…pe… ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ pañcamī viññāṇaṭṭhiti.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ chaṭṭhī viññāṇaṭṭhiti.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ sattamī viññāṇaṭṭhiti. Ime satta dhammā pariññeyyā.

(Gha) ‘‘katame satta dhammā pahātabbā? Sattānusayā – kāmarāgānusayo, paṭighānusayo, diṭṭhānusayo, vicikicchānusayo, mānānusayo, bhavarāgānusayo , avijjānusayo. Ime satta dhammā pahātabbā.

(Ṅa) ‘‘katame satta dhammā hānabhāgiyā? Satta asaddhammā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu assaddho hoti, ahiriko hoti, anottappī hoti, appassuto hoti, kusīto hoti, muṭṭhassati hoti, duppañño hoti. Ime satta dhammā hānabhāgiyā.

(Ca) ‘‘katame satta dhammā visesabhāgiyā? Satta saddhammā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu saddho hoti, hirimā [hiriko (syā. kaṃ.)] hoti, ottappī hoti, bahussuto hoti, āraddhavīriyo hoti, upaṭṭhitassati hoti, paññavā hoti. Ime satta dhammā visesabhāgiyā.

(Cha) ‘‘katame satta dhammā duppaṭivijjhā? Satta sappurisadhammā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu dhammaññū ca hoti atthaññū ca attaññū ca mattaññū ca kālaññū ca parisaññū ca puggalaññū ca. Ime satta dhammā duppaṭivijjhā.

(Ja) ‘‘katame satta dhammā uppādetabbā? Satta saññā – aniccasaññā, anattasaññā, asubhasaññā, ādīnavasaññā, pahānasaññā, virāgasaññā, nirodhasaññā. Ime satta dhammā uppādetabbā.

(Jha) ‘‘katame satta dhammā abhiññeyyā? Satta niddasavatthūni – idhāvuso, bhikkhu sikkhāsamādāne tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca sikkhāsamādāne avigatapemo. Dhammanisantiyā tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca dhammanisantiyā avigatapemo. Icchāvinaye tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca icchāvinaye avigatapemo. Paṭisallāne tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca paṭisallāne avigatapemo. Vīriyāramme tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca vīriyāramme avigatapemo. Satinepakke tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca satinepakke avigatapemo. Diṭṭhipaṭivedhe tibbacchando hoti, āyatiñca diṭṭhipaṭivedhe avigatapemo. Ime satta dhammā abhiññeyyā.

(Ña) ‘‘katame satta dhammā sacchikātabbā? Satta khīṇāsavabalāni – idhāvuso, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno aniccato sabbe saṅkhārā yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhā honti. Yaṃpāvuso, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno aniccato sabbe saṅkhārā yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhā honti, idampi khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno balaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma khīṇāsavo bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayaṃ paṭijānāti – ‘khīṇā me āsavā’ti.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno aṅgārakāsūpamā kāmā yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhā honti. Yaṃpāvuso…pe… ‘khīṇā me āsavā’ti.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno vivekaninnaṃ cittaṃ hoti vivekapoṇaṃ vivekapabbhāraṃ vivekaṭṭhaṃ nekkhammābhirataṃ byantībhūtaṃ sabbaso āsavaṭṭhāniyehi dhammehi. Yaṃpāvuso…pe… ‘khīṇā me āsavā’ti.


七法多所作用......七法应证悟。
(甲)什么是七法多所作用?七圣财:信财、戒财、惭财、愧财、闻财、舍财、慧财。这是七法多所作用。
(乙)什么是七法应修习?七觉支:念觉支、择法觉支、精进觉支、喜觉支、轻安觉支、定觉支、舍觉支。这是七法应修习。
(丙)什么是七法应遍知?七识住:贤友们,有众生身异想异,如人、某些天、某些堕处。这是第一识住。
贤友们,有众生身异想一,如梵众天初生时。这是第二识住。
贤友们,有众生身一想异,如光音天。这是第三识住。
贤友们,有众生身一想一,如遍净天。这是第四识住。
贤友们,有众生超越一切色想......入无边空处。这是第五识住。
贤友们,有众生超越一切空无边处,入无边识处。这是第六识住。
贤友们,有众生超越一切识无边处,入无所有处。这是第七识住。这是七法应遍知。
(丁)什么是七法应断?七随眠:欲贪随眠、嗔恚随眠、见随眠、疑随眠、慢随眠、有贪随眠、无明随眠。这是七法应断。
(戊)什么是七法属衰退分?七非法:贤友们,比丘无信、无惭、无愧、少闻、懈怠、失念、无慧。这是七法属衰退分。
(己)什么是七法属殊胜分?七正法:贤友们,比丘有信、有惭、有愧、多闻、精进、念现前、有慧。这是七法属殊胜分。
(庚)什么是七法难通达?七善士法:贤友们,比丘知法、知义、知自、知量、知时、知众、知人。这是七法难通达。
(辛)什么是七法应生起?七想:无常想、无我想、不净想、过患想、断想、离欲想、灭想。这是七法应生起。
(壬)什么是七法应证知?七不退法:贤友们,比丘对受持学处有强烈欲求,未来对受持学处爱好不失。对思惟法有强烈欲求,未来对思惟法爱好不失。对调伏欲有强烈欲求,未来对调伏欲爱好不失。对独处有强烈欲求,未来对独处爱好不失。对发勤精进有强烈欲求,未来对发勤精进爱好不失。对念与正知有强烈欲求,未来对念与正知爱好不失。对通达见有强烈欲求,未来对通达见爱好不失。这是七法应证知。
(癸)什么是七法应证悟?七漏尽者力:贤友们,漏尽比丘以正慧如实善见一切行无常。贤友们,漏尽比丘以正慧如实善见一切行无常,这是漏尽比丘之力,依此力漏尽比丘自称诸漏已尽:"我的诸漏已尽。"
再者,贤友们,漏尽比丘以正慧如实善见诸欲如火坑。贤友们......自称诸漏已尽:"我的诸漏已尽。"
再者,贤友们,漏尽比丘心倾向远离、趋向远离、臨入远离、住于远离、乐于出离、远离一切漏处之法。贤友们......自称诸漏已尽:"我的诸漏已尽。"


‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvitā honti subhāvitā . Yaṃpāvuso…pe… ‘khīṇā me āsavā’ti.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno pañcindriyāni bhāvitāni honti subhāvitāni. Yaṃpāvuso…pe… ‘khīṇā me āsavā’ti.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā honti subhāvitā. Yaṃpāvuso…pe… ‘khīṇā me āsavā’ti.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvito hoti subhāvito. Yaṃpāvuso, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvito hoti subhāvito, idampi khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno balaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma khīṇāsavo bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayaṃ paṭijānāti – ‘khīṇā me āsavā’ti. Ime satta dhammā sacchikātabbā.

‘‘Itime sattati dhammā bhūtā tacchā tathā avitathā anaññathā sammā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā.

Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.

Aṭṭha dhammā



再者,贤友们,漏尽比丘已修习、善修习四念处。贤友们......自称诸漏已尽:"我的诸漏已尽。"
再者,贤友们,漏尽比丘已修习、善修习五根。贤友们......自称诸漏已尽:"我的诸漏已尽。"
再者,贤友们,漏尽比丘已修习、善修习七觉支。贤友们......自称诸漏已尽:"我的诸漏已尽。"
再者,贤友们,漏尽比丘已修习、善修习八支圣道。贤友们,漏尽比丘已修习、善修习八支圣道,这是漏尽比丘之力,依此力漏尽比丘自称诸漏已尽:"我的诸漏已尽。"这是七法应证悟。
如是这七十法是真实、如实、不虚、不异,为如来正等觉。
第一诵分终。
八法

358. ‘‘Aṭṭha dhammā bahukārā…pe… aṭṭha dhammā sacchikātabbā.

(Ka) ‘‘katame aṭṭha dhammā bahukārā? Aṭṭha hetū aṭṭha paccayā ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattanti. Katame aṭṭha? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satthāraṃ [satthāraṃ vā (syā. ka.)] upanissāya viharati aññataraṃ vā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ, yatthassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti pemañca gāravo ca. Ayaṃ paṭhamo hetu paṭhamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya . Paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.

‘‘Taṃ kho pana satthāraṃ upanissāya viharati aññataraṃ vā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ , yatthassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti pemañca gāravo ca. Te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati paripañhati – ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ? Imassa ko attho’ti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca uttānī [anuttānikatañca uttāniṃ (ka.)] karonti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti. Ayaṃ dutiyo hetu dutiyo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya, vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.

‘‘Taṃ kho pana dhammaṃ sutvā dvayena vūpakāsena sampādeti – kāyavūpakāsena ca cittavūpakāsena ca. Ayaṃ tatiyo hetu tatiyo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Ayaṃ catuttho hetu catuttho paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthā sabyañjanā kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Ayaṃ pañcamo hetu pañcamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Ayaṃ chaṭṭho hetu chaṭṭho paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu satimā hoti paramena satinepakkena samannāgato. Cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā anussaritā. Ayaṃ sattamo hetu sattamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu, udayabbayānupassī viharati – ‘iti rūpaṃ iti rūpassa samudayo iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā iti vedanāya samudayo iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo; iti saññā iti saññāya samudayo iti saññāya atthaṅgamo; iti saṅkhārā iti saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo iti saṅkhārānaṃ atthaṅgamo; iti viññāṇaṃ iti viññāṇassa samudayo iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti. Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo hetu aṭṭhamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati. Ime aṭṭha dhammā bahukārā.

(Kha) ‘‘katame aṭṭha dhammā bhāvetabbā? Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi. Ime aṭṭha dhammā bhāvetabbā.


八法多所作用......八法应证悟。
(甲)什么是八法多所作用?八因八缘,能令未得初梵行慧者得,已得者增长、广大、修习、圆满。是哪八?贤友们,比丘依止导师或某位尊重的同梵行者而住,对他生起强烈的惭愧、爱敬。这是第一因第一缘,能令未得初梵行慧者得,已得者增长、广大、修习、圆满。
他依止那位导师或某位尊重的同梵行者而住,对他生起强烈的惭愧、爱敬。他时常亲近请问:"尊者,这是什么?这是什么意思?"那些尊者为他开显未开显的,阐明未阐明的,解除他对种种可疑法的疑惑。这是第二因第二缘,能令未得初梵行慧者得,已得者增长、广大、修习、圆满。
他听闻那法后,以两种远离成就 - 身远离和心远离。这是第三因第三缘,能令未得初梵行慧者得,已得者增长、广大、修习、圆满。
再者,贤友们,比丘持戒,护持波罗提木叉律仪而住,具足正行与行处,于微细罪中见怖畏,受持学习诸学处。这是第四因第四缘,能令未得初梵行慧者得,已得者增长、广大、修习、圆满。
再者,贤友们,比丘多闻、持闻、积闻。凡是初善、中善、后善,有义有文,宣说完全圆满清净的梵行之法,他多闻如是之法,持诵、熟习、意观察、以见善通达。这是第五因第五缘,能令未得初梵行慧者得,已得者增长、广大、修习、圆满。
再者,贤友们,比丘精进而住,为断不善法、成就善法而努力,坚固勇猛,于善法中不舍责任。这是第六因第六缘,能令未得初梵行慧者得,已得者增长、广大、修习、圆满。
再者,贤友们,比丘具念,成就最上念与正知,能忆念、随忆长时所作、长时所说。这是第七因第七缘,能令未得初梵行慧者得,已得者增长、广大、修习、圆满。
再者,贤友们,比丘于五取蕴观生灭而住 - "这是色,这是色集,这是色灭;这是受,这是受集,这是受灭;这是想,这是想集,这是想灭;这是行,这是行集,这是行灭;这是识,这是识集,这是识灭。"这是第八因第八缘,能令未得初梵行慧者得,已得者增长、广大、修习、圆满。这是八法多所作用。
(乙)什么是八法应修习?八支圣道,即:正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。这是八法应修习。


(Ga) ‘‘katame aṭṭha dhammā pariññeyyā? Aṭṭha lokadhammā – lābho ca, alābho ca, yaso ca, ayaso ca, nindā ca, pasaṃsā ca, sukhañca, dukkhañca. Ime aṭṭha dhammā pariññeyyā.

(Gha) ‘‘katame aṭṭha dhammā pahātabbā? Aṭṭha micchattā – micchādiṭṭhi, micchāsaṅkappo, micchāvācā, micchākammanto, micchāājīvo, micchāvāyāmo, micchāsati, micchāsamādhi. Ime aṭṭha dhammā pahātabbā.

(Ṅa) ‘‘katame aṭṭha dhammā hānabhāgiyā? Aṭṭha kusītavatthūni. Idhāvuso, bhikkhunā kammaṃ kātabbaṃ hoti, tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kammaṃ kho me kātabbaṃ bhavissati, kammaṃ kho pana me karontassa kāyo kilamissati, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti. So nipajjati, na vīriyaṃ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ kusītavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā kammaṃ kataṃ hoti . Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho kammaṃ akāsiṃ, kammaṃ kho pana me karontassa kāyo kilanto, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti. So nipajjati, na vīriyaṃ ārabhati…pe… idaṃ dutiyaṃ kusītavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gantabbo hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘maggo kho me gantabbo bhavissati, maggaṃ kho pana me gacchantassa kāyo kilamissati, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti. So nipajjati, na vīriyaṃ ārabhati…pe… idaṃ tatiyaṃ kusītavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gato hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho maggaṃ agamāsiṃ, maggaṃ kho pana me gacchantassa kāyo kilanto, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti. So nipajjati, na vīriyaṃ ārabhati…pe… idaṃ catutthaṃ kusītavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto na labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto nālatthaṃ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ, tassa me kāyo kilanto akammañño, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti…pe… idaṃ pañcamaṃ kusītavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto alatthaṃ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ , tassa me kāyo garuko akammañño, māsācitaṃ maññe, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti. So nipajjati…pe… idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ kusītavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno uppanno hoti appamattako ābādho, tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘uppanno kho me ayaṃ appamattako ābādho atthi kappo nipajjituṃ, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti. So nipajjati…pe… idaṃ sattamaṃ kusītavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gilānāvuṭṭhito hoti aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gilānāvuṭṭhito aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā. Tassa me kāyo dubbalo akammañño, handāhaṃ nipajjāmī’ti. So nipajjati…pe… idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ kusītavatthu. Ime aṭṭha dhammā hānabhāgiyā.

(Ca) ‘‘katame aṭṭha dhammā visesabhāgiyā? Aṭṭha ārambhavatthūni. Idhāvuso, bhikkhunā kammaṃ kātabbaṃ hoti, tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kammaṃ kho me kātabbaṃ bhavissati, kammaṃ kho pana me karontena na sukaraṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ manasikātuṃ, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāyā’ti. So vīriyaṃ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ ārambhavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā kammaṃ kataṃ hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho kammaṃ akāsiṃ, kammaṃ kho panāhaṃ karonto nāsakkhiṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ manasikātuṃ, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… idaṃ dutiyaṃ ārambhavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gantabbo hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘maggo kho me gantabbo bhavissati, maggaṃ kho pana me gacchantena na sukaraṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ manasikātuṃ, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… idaṃ tatiyaṃ ārambhavatthu.


(丙)什么是八法应遍知?八世间法:得、不得、称、讥、毁、誉、乐、苦。这是八法应遍知。
(丁)什么是八法应断?八邪:邪见、邪思惟、邪语、邪业、邪命、邪精进、邪念、邪定。这是八法应断。
(戊)什么是八法属衰退分?八懈怠事:贤友们,比丘有工作要做,他这样想:"我将要工作,工作时身体会疲劳,我还是躺下吧。"他就躺下,不发精进以证得未证得、获得未获得、作证未作证。这是第一懈怠事。
再者,贤友们,比丘已做工作。他这样想:"我已做工作,做工作时身体疲劳,我还是躺下吧。"他就躺下,不发精进......这是第二懈怠事。
再者,贤友们,比丘要走路。他这样想:"我将要走路,走路时身体会疲劳,我还是躺下吧。"他就躺下,不发精进......这是第三懈怠事。
再者,贤友们,比丘已走路。他这样想:"我已走路,走路时身体疲劳,我还是躺下吧。"他就躺下,不发精进......这是第四懈怠事。
再者,贤友们,比丘在村镇乞食时,未得粗细饮食的充足。他这样想:"我在村镇乞食时,未得粗细饮食的充足,身体疲劳不适工作,我还是躺下吧。"......这是第五懈怠事。
再者,贤友们,比丘在村镇乞食时,得到粗细饮食的充足。他这样想:"我在村镇乞食时,得到粗细饮食的充足,身体沉重不适工作,如同吃了豆子,我还是躺下吧。"他就躺下......这是第六懈怠事。
再者,贤友们,比丘生起轻微病痛。他这样想:"我生起这轻微病痛,有理由躺下,我还是躺下吧。"他就躺下......这是第七懈怠事。
再者,贤友们,比丘病愈不久。他这样想:"我病愈不久,身体虚弱不适工作,我还是躺下吧。"他就躺下......这是第八懈怠事。这是八法属衰退分。
(己)什么是八法属殊胜分?八精进事:贤友们,比丘有工作要做,他这样想:"我将要工作,工作时不容易作意佛陀的教导,我应当发精进以证得未证得、获得未获得、作证未作证。"他就发精进以证得未证得、获得未获得、作证未作证。这是第一精进事。
再者,贤友们,比丘已做工作。他这样想:"我已做工作,做工作时我未能作意佛陀的教导,我应当发精进......"这是第二精进事。
再者,贤友们,比丘要走路。他这样想:"我将要走路,走路时不容易作意佛陀的教导,我应当发精进......"这是第三精进事。


‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhunā maggo gato hoti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho maggaṃ agamāsiṃ, maggaṃ kho panāhaṃ gacchanto nāsakkhiṃ buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ manasikātuṃ, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… idaṃ catutthaṃ ārambhavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto na labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto nālatthaṃ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ , tassa me kāyo lahuko kammañño, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… idaṃ pañcamaṃ ārambhavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto labhati lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya caranto alatthaṃ lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ. Tassa me kāyo balavā kammañño, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ ārambhavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhuno uppanno hoti appamattako ābādho. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘uppanno kho me ayaṃ appamattako ābādho ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati, yaṃ me ābādho pavaḍḍheyya, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi…pe… idaṃ sattamaṃ ārambhavatthu.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu gilānā vuṭṭhito hoti aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘ahaṃ kho gilānā vuṭṭhito aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā, ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati, yaṃ me ābādho paccudāvatteyya, handāhaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhāmi appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāyā’ti. So vīriyaṃ ārabhati appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. Idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ ārambhavatthu. Ime aṭṭha dhammā visesabhāgiyā.

(Cha) ‘‘katame aṭṭha dhammā duppaṭivijjhā? Aṭṭha akkhaṇā asamayā brahmacariyavāsāya. Idhāvuso, tathāgato ca loke uppanno hoti arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, dhammo ca desiyati opasamiko parinibbāniko sambodhagāmī sugatappavedito. Ayañca puggalo nirayaṃ upapanno hoti. Ayaṃ paṭhamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, tathāgato ca loke uppanno hoti arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, dhammo ca desiyati opasamiko parinibbāniko sambodhagāmī sugatappavedito, ayañca puggalo tiracchānayoniṃ upapanno hoti. Ayaṃ dutiyo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… pettivisayaṃ upapanno hoti. Ayaṃ tatiyo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… aññataraṃ dīghāyukaṃ devanikāyaṃ upapanno hoti. Ayaṃ catuttho akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… paccantimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti milakkhesu aviññātāresu, yattha natthi gati bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ upāsakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ. Ayaṃ pañcamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… ayañca puggalo majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti, so ca hoti micchādiṭṭhiko viparītadassano – ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paro loko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. Ayaṃ chaṭṭho akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… ayañca puggalo majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti , so ca hoti duppañño jaḷo eḷamūgo, nappaṭibalo subhāsitadubbhāsitānamatthamaññātuṃ. Ayaṃ sattamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ…pe… ayañca puggalo majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāto hoti, so ca hoti paññavā ajaḷo aneḷamūgo, paṭibalo subhāsitadubbhāsitānamatthamaññātuṃ. Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo akkhaṇo asamayo brahmacariyavāsāya. Ime aṭṭha dhammā duppaṭivijjhā.


再者,贤友们,比丘已走路。他这样想:"我已走路,走路时我未能作意佛陀的教导,我应当发精进......"这是第四精进事。
再者,贤友们,比丘在村镇乞食时,未得粗细饮食的充足。他这样想:"我在村镇乞食时,未得粗细饮食的充足,身体轻快适合工作,我应当发精进......"这是第五精进事。
再者,贤友们,比丘在村镇乞食时,得到粗细饮食的充足。他这样想:"我在村镇乞食时,得到粗细饮食的充足,身体有力适合工作,我应当发精进......"这是第六精进事。
再者,贤友们,比丘生起轻微病痛。他这样想:"我生起这轻微病痛,有可能病情加重,我应当发精进......"这是第七精进事。
再者,贤友们,比丘病愈不久。他这样想:"我病愈不久,有可能病情复发,我应当发精进以证得未证得、获得未获得、作证未作证。"他就发精进以证得未证得、获得未获得、作证未作证。这是第八精进事。这是八法属殊胜分。
(庚)什么是八法难通达?八非时非处不适合修梵行:贤友们,如来、阿罗汉、正等觉出现于世,法被宣说,寂静、趣向涅槃、导向觉悟、善逝所说,而此人生于地狱。这是第一非时非处不适合修梵行。
再者,贤友们,如来、阿罗汉、正等觉出现于世,法被宣说,寂静、趣向涅槃、导向觉悟、善逝所说,而此人生于畜生道。这是第二非时非处不适合修梵行。
再者......生于饿鬼道。这是第三非时非处不适合修梵行。
再者......生于某长寿天。这是第四非时非处不适合修梵行。
再者......生于边地,未开化的地方,比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷无法到达之处。这是第五非时非处不适合修梵行。
再者......此人生于中国,但持邪见、颠倒见:"无布施,无供养,无祭祀,无善恶业果报,无此世,无他世,无父,无母,无化生有情,世间无沙门、婆罗门正行、正道,能以自己的智慧证知此世他世并宣说。"这是第六非时非处不适合修梵行。
再者......此人生于中国,但愚钝、痴呆、哑巴,不能了知善说恶说的意义。这是第七非时非处不适合修梵行。
再者......此人生于中国,有智慧,不愚钝,不哑巴,能了知善说恶说的意义。这是第八非时非处不适合修梵行。这是八法难通达。


(Ja) ‘‘katame aṭṭha dhammā uppādetabbā? Aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakkā – appicchassāyaṃ dhammo, nāyaṃ dhammo mahicchassa. Santuṭṭhassāyaṃ dhammo, nāyaṃ dhammo asantuṭṭhassa. Pavivittassāyaṃ dhammo, nāyaṃ dhammo saṅgaṇikārāmassa. Āraddhavīriyassāyaṃ dhammo, nāyaṃ dhammo kusītassa. Upaṭṭhitasatissāyaṃ dhammo, nāyaṃ dhammo muṭṭhassatissa. Samāhitassāyaṃ dhammo, nāyaṃ dhammo asamāhitassa . Paññavato [paññāvato (sī. pī.)] ayaṃ dhammo, nāyaṃ dhammo duppaññassa. Nippapañcassāyaṃ dhammo, nāyaṃ dhammo papañcārāmassāti [nippapañcārāmassa ayaṃ dhammo nippapañcaratino, nāyaṃ dhammo papañcārāmassa papañcaratinoti (sī. syā. pī.) aṅguttarepi tatheva dissati. aṭṭhakathāṭīkā pana oloketabbā] ime aṭṭha dhammā uppādetabbā.

(Jha) ‘‘katame aṭṭha dhammā abhiññeyyā? Aṭṭha abhibhāyatanāni – ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni , ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti – evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti – evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ tatiyaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ catutthaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma umāpupphaṃ nīlaṃ nīlavaṇṇaṃ nīlanidassanaṃ nīlanibhāsaṃ. Seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ nīlaṃ nīlavaṇṇaṃ nīlanidassanaṃ nīlanibhāsaṃ, evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ pañcamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma kaṇikārapupphaṃ pītaṃ pītavaṇṇaṃ pītanidassanaṃ pītanibhāsaṃ. Seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ pītaṃ pītavaṇṇaṃ pītanidassanaṃ pītanibhāsaṃ , evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma bandhujīvakapupphaṃ lohitakaṃ lohitakavaṇṇaṃ lohitakanidassanaṃ lohitakanibhāsaṃ, seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ lohitakaṃ lohitakavaṇṇaṃ lohitakanidassanaṃ lohitakanibhāsaṃ, evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ sattamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni. Seyyathāpi nāma osadhitārakā odātā odātavaṇṇā odātanidassanā odātanibhāsā, seyyathā vā pana taṃ vatthaṃ bārāṇaseyyakaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭhaṃ odātaṃ odātavaṇṇaṃ odātanidassanaṃ odātanibhāsaṃ, evameva ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni, ‘tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ. Ime aṭṭha dhammā abhiññeyyā.

(Ña) ‘‘katame aṭṭha dhammā sacchikātabbā? Aṭṭha vimokkhā – rūpī rūpāni passati. Ayaṃ paṭhamo vimokkho.

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati. Ayaṃ dutiyo vimokkho.

‘‘Subhanteva adhimutto hoti. Ayaṃ tatiyo vimokkho.


(辛)什么是八法应生起?八大人觉:此法是为少欲者,非为多欲者。此法是为知足者,非为不知足者。此法是为远离者,非为乐众者。此法是为发勤精进者,非为懈怠者。此法是为念现前者,非为失念者。此法是为定者,非为不定者。此法是为有慧者,非为无慧者。此法是为无戏论者,非为乐戏论者。这是八法应生起。
(壬)什么是八法应证知?八胜处:内有色想,外观少色,美色或丑色,胜知胜见,作如是想:"我知我见。"这是第一胜处。
内有色想,外观无量色,美色或丑色,胜知胜见,作如是想:"我知我见。"这是第二胜处。
内无色想,外观少色,美色或丑色,胜知胜见,作如是想:"我知我见。"这是第三胜处。
内无色想,外观无量色,美色或丑色,胜知胜见,作如是想:"我知我见。"这是第四胜处。
内无色想,外观青色,青色、青显、青光。犹如亚麻花,青色、青显、青光。或如波罗奈两面磨光之布,青色、青显、青光。如是,内无色想,外观青色,青色、青显、青光,胜知胜见,作如是想:"我知我见。"这是第五胜处。
内无色想,外观黄色,黄色、黄显、黄光。犹如迦尼迦罗花,黄色、黄显、黄光。或如波罗奈两面磨光之布,黄色、黄显、黄光。如是,内无色想,外观黄色,黄色、黄显、黄光,胜知胜见,作如是想:"我知我见。"这是第六胜处。
内无色想,外观赤色,赤色、赤显、赤光。犹如槃豆时婆迦花,赤色、赤显、赤光。或如波罗奈两面磨光之布,赤色、赤显、赤光。如是,内无色想,外观赤色,赤色、赤显、赤光,胜知胜见,作如是想:"我知我见。"这是第七胜处。
内无色想,外观白色,白色、白显、白光。犹如晨星,白色、白显、白光。或如波罗奈两面磨光之布,白色、白显、白光。如是,内无色想,外观白色,白色、白显、白光,胜知胜见,作如是想:"我知我见。"这是第八胜处。这是八法应证知。
(癸)什么是八法应证悟?八解脱:有色观诸色。这是第一解脱。
内无色想,外观诸色。这是第二解脱。
专注于净。这是第三解脱。


‘‘Sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ catuttho vimokkho.

‘‘Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ pañcamo vimokkho.

‘‘Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ chaṭṭho vimokkho.

‘‘Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ sattamo vimokkho.

‘‘Sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo vimokkho. Ime aṭṭha dhammā sacchikātabbā.

‘‘Iti ime asīti dhammā bhūtā tacchā tathā avitathā anaññathā sammā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā.

Nava dhammā



超越一切色想,灭有对想,不作意种种想,入'虚空无边'空无边处。这是第四解脱。
超越一切空无边处,入'识无边'识无边处。这是第五解脱。
超越一切识无边处,入'无所有'无所有处。这是第六解脱。
超越一切无所有处,入非想非非想处。这是第七解脱。
超越一切非想非非想处,入想受灭。这是第八解脱。这是八法应证悟。
如是这八十法是真实、如实、不虚、不异,为如来正等觉。
九法


359. ‘‘Nava dhammā bahukārā…pe… nava dhammā sacchikātabbā.

(Ka) ‘‘katame nava dhammā bahukārā? Nava yonisomanasikāramūlakā dhammā, yonisomanasikaroto pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati, samāhite citte yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati, yathābhūtaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ nibbindati, nibbindaṃ virajjati, virāgā vimuccati. Ime nava dhammā bahukārā.

(Kha) ‘‘katame nava dhammā bhāvetabbā? Nava pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgāni – sīlavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, cittavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, diṭṭhivisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, maggāmaggañāṇadassana – visuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, ñāṇadassanavisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, paññāvisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ, vimuttivisuddhi pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgaṃ. Ime nava dhammā bhāvetabbā.

(Ga) ‘‘katame nava dhammā pariññeyyā? Nava sattāvāsā – santāvuso, sattā nānattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi manussā ekacce ca devā ekacce ca vinipātikā. Ayaṃ paṭhamo sattāvāso.

‘‘Santāvuso , sattā nānattakāyā ekattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā brahmakāyikā paṭhamābhinibbattā. Ayaṃ dutiyo sattāvāso.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā nānattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā ābhassarā. Ayaṃ tatiyo sattāvāso.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā ekattakāyā ekattasaññino, seyyathāpi devā subhakiṇhā. Ayaṃ catuttho sattāvāso.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā asaññino appaṭisaṃvedino, seyyathāpi devā asaññasattā. Ayaṃ pañcamo sattāvāso.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ chaṭṭho sattāvāso.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ sattamo sattāvāso.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo sattāvāso.

‘‘Santāvuso, sattā sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanūpagā. Ayaṃ navamo sattāvāso. Ime nava dhammā pariññeyyā.

(Gha) ‘‘katame nava dhammā pahātabbā? Nava taṇhāmūlakā dhammā – taṇhaṃ paṭicca pariyesanā, pariyesanaṃ paṭicca lābho, lābhaṃ paṭicca vinicchayo, vinicchayaṃ paṭicca chandarāgo , chandarāgaṃ paṭicca ajjhosānaṃ, ajjhosānaṃ paṭicca pariggaho, pariggahaṃ paṭicca macchariyaṃ, macchariyaṃ paṭicca ārakkho, ārakkhādhikaraṇaṃ [ārakkhādhikaraṇaṃ paṭicca (syā. pī. ka.)] daṇḍādānasatthādānakalahaviggahavivādatuvaṃtuvaṃpesuññamusāvādā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti. Ime nava dhammā pahātabbā.

(Ṅa) ‘‘katame nava dhammā hānabhāgiyā? Nava āghātavatthūni – ‘anatthaṃ me acarī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati, ‘anatthaṃ me caratī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati, ‘anatthaṃ me carissatī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati; ‘piyassa me manāpassa anatthaṃ acarī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati…pe… ‘anatthaṃ caratī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati…pe… ‘anatthaṃ carissatī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati; ‘appiyassa me amanāpassa atthaṃ acarī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati…pe… ‘atthaṃ caratī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati…pe… ‘atthaṃ carissatī’ti āghātaṃ bandhati. Ime nava dhammā hānabhāgiyā.

(Ca) ‘‘katame nava dhammā visesabhāgiyā? Nava āghātapaṭivinayā – ‘anatthaṃ me acari, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti; ‘anatthaṃ me carati, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti; ‘anatthaṃ me carissati, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti; ‘piyassa me manāpassa anatthaṃ acari…pe… anatthaṃ carati…pe… anatthaṃ carissati, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti; ‘appiyassa me amanāpassa atthaṃ acari…pe… atthaṃ carati…pe… atthaṃ carissati, taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti āghātaṃ paṭivineti. Ime nava dhammā visesabhāgiyā.


九法多所作用......九法应证悟。
(甲)什么是九法多所作用?九种如理作意为根本的法:如理作意者生欢悦,欢悦者生喜,心喜者身轻安,身轻安者受乐,乐者心定,心定者如实知见,如实知见者生厌离,厌离者离贪,由离贪而解脱。这是九法多所作用。
(乙)什么是九法应修习?九清净勤修支:戒清净是清净勤修支,心清净是清净勤修支,见清净是清净勤修支,度疑清净是清净勤修支,道非道智见清净是清净勤修支,行道智见清净是清净勤修支,智见清净是清净勤修支,慧清净是清净勤修支,解脱清净是清净勤修支。这是九法应修习。
(丙)什么是九法应遍知?九有情居:贤友们,有情身异想异,如人及一些天、一些堕处。这是第一有情居。
贤友们,有情身异想一,如梵众天初生时。这是第二有情居。
贤友们,有情身一想异,如光音天。这是第三有情居。
贤友们,有情身一想一,如遍净天。这是第四有情居。
贤友们,有情无想无受,如无想有情天。这是第五有情居。
贤友们,有情超越一切色想,灭有对想,不作意种种想,入'虚空无边'空无边处。这是第六有情居。
贤友们,有情超越一切空无边处,入'识无边'识无边处。这是第七有情居。
贤友们,有情超越一切识无边处,入'无所有'无所有处。这是第八有情居。
贤友们,有情超越一切无所有处,入非想非非想处。这是第九有情居。这是九法应遍知。
(丁)什么是九法应断?九爱为根本的法:缘爱生寻求,缘寻求生获得,缘获得生决定,缘决定生欲贪,缘欲贪生执著,缘执著生悭吝,缘悭吝生守护,因守护而生起执杖、执刀、争吵、斗争、诤论、两舌、妄语等诸多恶不善法。这是九法应断。
(戊)什么是九法属衰退分?九嫌恨事:想'他已加害我',生嫌恨;想'他正加害我',生嫌恨;想'他将加害我',生嫌恨;想'他已加害我所爱、所喜之人',生嫌恨......想'他正加害我所爱、所喜之人',生嫌恨......想'他将加害我所爱、所喜之人',生嫌恨;想'他已利益我所不爱、不喜之人',生嫌恨......想'他正利益我所不爱、不喜之人',生嫌恨......想'他将利益我所不爱、不喜之人',生嫌恨。这是九法属衰退分。
(己)什么是九法属殊胜分?九调伏嫌恨:'他已加害我,于此有何可得?'而调伏嫌恨;'他正加害我,于此有何可得?'而调伏嫌恨;'他将加害我,于此有何可得?'而调伏嫌恨;'他已加害......正加害......将加害我所爱、所喜之人,于此有何可得?'而调伏嫌恨;'他已利益......正利益......将利益我所不爱、不喜之人,于此有何可得?'而调伏嫌恨。这是九法属殊胜分。


(Cha) ‘‘katame nava dhammā duppaṭivijjhā? Nava nānattā – dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati vedanānānattaṃ, vedanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati chandanānattaṃ, chandanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariyesanānānattaṃ, pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati lābhanānattaṃ. Ime nava dhammā duppaṭivijjhā.

(Ja) ‘‘katame nava dhammā uppādetabbā? Nava saññā – asubhasaññā, maraṇasaññā, āhārepaṭikūlasaññā , sabbalokeanabhiratisaññā [anabhiratasaññā (syā. ka.)], aniccasaññā, anicce dukkhasaññā, dukkhe anattasaññā, pahānasaññā, virāgasaññā. Ime nava dhammā uppādetabbā.

(Jha) ‘‘katame nava dhammā abhiññeyyā? Nava anupubbavihārā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā …pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sukhassa ca pahānā…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā…pe… ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ime nava dhammā abhiññeyyā.

(Ña) ‘‘katame nava dhammā sacchikātabbā? Nava anupubbanirodhā – paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa kāmasaññā niruddhā hoti, dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa vitakkavicārā niruddhā honti, tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa pīti niruddhā hoti, catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa assāsapassāssā niruddhā honti, ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa rūpasaññā niruddhā hoti, viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samāpannassa ākāsānañcāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti, ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa viññāṇañcāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa ākiñcaññāyatanasaññā niruddhā hoti, saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpannassa saññā ca vedanā ca niruddhā honti. Ime nava dhammā sacchikātabbā.

‘‘Iti ime navuti dhammā bhūtā tacchā tathā avitathā anaññathā sammā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā.

Dasa dhammā



(庚)什么是九法难通达?九种种性:缘界种种性生触种种性,缘触种种性生受种种性,缘受种种性生想种种性,缘想种种性生思种种性,缘思种种性生欲种种性,缘欲种种性生热恼种种性,缘热恼种种性生寻求种种性,缘寻求种种性生获得种种性。这是九法难通达。
(辛)什么是九法应生起?九想:不净想、死想、食厌想、一切世间不可乐想、无常想、无常苦想、苦无我想、断想、离贪想。这是九法应生起。
(壬)什么是九法应证知?九次第住:贤友们,比丘离欲、离不善法,有寻有伺,离生喜乐,具足初禅而住。寻伺寂静......具足第二禅而住。离喜......具足第三禅而住。断乐......具足第四禅而住。超越一切色想......具足空无边处而住。超越一切空无边处,入'识无边'识无边处而住。超越一切识无边处,入'无所有'无所有处而住。超越一切无所有处,具足非想非非想处而住。超越一切非想非非想处,具足想受灭而住。这是九法应证知。
(癸)什么是九法应证悟?九次第灭:具足初禅者,欲想灭;具足第二禅者,寻伺灭;具足第三禅者,喜灭;具足第四禅者,入出息灭;具足空无边处者,色想灭;具足识无边处者,空无边处想灭;具足无所有处者,识无边处想灭;具足非想非非想处者,无所有处想灭;具足想受灭者,想与受灭。这是九法应证悟。
如是这九十法是真实、如实、不虚、不异,为如来正等觉。
十法

360. ‘‘Dasa dhammā bahukārā…pe… dasa dhammā sacchikātabbā.

(Ka) ‘‘katame dasa dhammā bahukārā? Dasa nāthakaraṇādhammā – idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu, yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu bahussuto …pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā, yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu bahussuto…pe… ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu…pe… kalyāṇasampavaṅko. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu suvaco hoti sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato, khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṃ. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu…pe… anusāsaniṃ. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ uccāvacāni kiṃkaraṇīyāni tattha dakkho hoti analaso tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgato, alaṃ kātuṃ, alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu…pe… alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu…pe… uḷārapāmojjo. Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti itarītarehi cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu …pe… ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati…pe… kusalesu dhammesu. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu…pe… ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu satimā hoti, paramena satinepakkena samannāgato, cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā anussaritā. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu…pe… ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato, ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Yaṃpāvuso, bhikkhu…pe… ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo. Ime dasa dhammā bahukārā.

(Kha) ‘‘katame dasa dhammā bhāvetabbā? Dasa kasiṇāyatanāni – pathavīkasiṇameko sañjānāti uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇaṃ. Āpokasiṇameko sañjānāti…pe… tejokasiṇameko sañjānāti… vāyokasiṇameko sañjānāti… nīlakasiṇameko sañjānāti… pītakasiṇameko sañjānāti… lohitakasiṇameko sañjānāti… odātakasiṇameko sañjānāti… ākāsakasiṇameko sañjānāti… viññāṇakasiṇameko sañjānāti uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ advayaṃ appamāṇaṃ . Ime dasa dhammā bhāvetabbā.

(Ga) ‘‘katame dasa dhammā pariññeyyā? Dasāyatanāni – cakkhāyatanaṃ, rūpāyatanaṃ, sotāyatanaṃ, saddāyatanaṃ, ghānāyatanaṃ, gandhāyatanaṃ, jivhāyatanaṃ, rasāyatanaṃ, kāyāyatanaṃ, phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ. Ime dasa dhammā pariññeyyā.

(Gha) ‘‘katame dasa dhammā pahātabbā? Dasa micchattā – micchādiṭṭhi, micchāsaṅkappo, micchāvācā, micchākammanto, micchāājīvo, micchāvāyāmo, micchāsati, micchāsamādhi, micchāñāṇaṃ, micchāvimutti. Ime dasa dhammā pahātabbā.

(Ṅa) ‘‘katame dasa dhammā hānabhāgiyā? Dasa akusalakammapathā – pāṇātipāto, adinnādānaṃ, kāmesumicchācāro, musāvādo, pisuṇā vācā, pharusā vācā, samphappalāpo, abhijjhā, byāpādo, micchādiṭṭhi. Ime dasa dhammā hānabhāgiyā.

(Ca) ‘‘katame dasa dhammā visesabhāgiyā? Dasa kusalakammapathā – pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī, musāvādā veramaṇī, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī, anabhijjhā, abyāpādo, sammādiṭṭhi. Ime dasa dhammā visesabhāgiyā.

(Cha) ‘‘katame dasa dhammā duppaṭivijjhā? Dasa ariyavāsā – idhāvuso , bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti, chaḷaṅgasamannāgato, ekārakkho, caturāpasseno, paṇunnapaccekasacco, samavayasaṭṭhesano, anāvilasaṅkappo, passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro, suvimuttacitto, suvimuttapañño.


十法多所作用......十法应证悟。
(甲)什么是十法多所作用?十依止法:贤友们,比丘有戒,守护波罗提木叉律仪而住,具足正行与行处,于微细罪见怖畏,受持学习诸学处。贤友们,比丘有戒......受持学习诸学处。这也是依止法。
再者,贤友们,比丘多闻......以见善通达。贤友们,比丘多闻......这也是依止法。
再者,贤友们,比丘有善友、善伴、善同行。贤友们,比丘......有善友、善伴、善同行。这也是依止法。
再者,贤友们,比丘易受教,具足使人易受教之法,能忍、恭敬受教。贤友们,比丘......能忍、恭敬受教。这也是依止法。
再者,贤友们,比丘对同梵行者的各种事务,大小工作,熟练、不懈怠,具足思考、处理的能力,能作、能安排。贤友们,比丘......能作、能安排。这也是依止法。
再者,贤友们,比丘乐法、爱说法,于增上法、增上律有极大欢喜。贤友们,比丘......有极大欢喜。这也是依止法。
再者,贤友们,比丘知足于各种衣服、饮食、卧具、病缘医药资具。贤友们,比丘......这也是依止法。
再者,贤友们,比丘发勤精进而住......于诸善法。贤友们,比丘......这也是依止法。
再者,贤友们,比丘具念,成就最上念慧,能忆念、随忆长时以前所作、所说。贤友们,比丘......这也是依止法。
再者,贤友们,比丘有慧,成就观生灭慧,具足圣、出离、正尽苦的择法慧。贤友们,比丘......这也是依止法。这是十法多所作用。
(乙)什么是十法应修习?十遍处:有人知地遍,上下四方无二无量。有人知水遍......火遍......风遍......青遍......黄遍......赤遍......白遍......空遍......识遍,上下四方无二无量。这是十法应修习。
(丙)什么是十法应遍知?十处:眼处、色处、耳处、声处、鼻处、香处、舌处、味处、身处、触处。这是十法应遍知。
(丁)什么是十法应断?十邪性:邪见、邪思惟、邪语、邪业、邪命、邪精进、邪念、邪定、邪智、邪解脱。这是十法应断。
(戊)什么是十法属衰退分?十不善业道:杀生、不与取、欲邪行、妄语、两舌、恶口、绮语、贪欲、瞋恚、邪见。这是十法属衰退分。
(己)什么是十法属殊胜分?十善业道:离杀生、离不与取、离欲邪行、离妄语、离两舌、离恶口、离绮语、无贪、无瞋、正见。这是十法属殊胜分。
(庚)什么是十法难通达?十圣居:贤友们,比丘已舍五支,具足六支,一护,四依,除遣别见,寻求已息,无浊思惟,身行轻安,心善解脱,慧善解脱。


‘‘Kathañcāvuso , bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāmacchando pahīno hoti, byāpādo pahīno hoti, thinamiddhaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu ekārakkho hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu satārakkhena cetasā samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu ekārakkho hoti.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu caturāpasseno hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu saṅkhāyekaṃ paṭisevati, saṅkhāyekaṃ adhivāseti, saṅkhāyekaṃ parivajjeti, saṅkhāyekaṃ vinodeti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu caturāpasseno hoti.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu paṇunnapaccekasacco hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno yāni tāni puthusamaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ puthupaccekasaccāni, sabbāni tāni nunnāni honti paṇunnāni cattāni vantāni muttāni pahīnāni paṭinissaṭṭhāni. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu paṇunnapaccekasacco hoti.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu samavayasaṭṭhesano hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāmesanā pahīnā hoti, bhavesanā pahīnā hoti, brahmacariyesanā paṭippassaddhā. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu samavayasaṭṭhesano hoti.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso , bhikkhu anāvilasaṅkappā hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno kāmasaṅkappo pahīno hoti, byāpādasaṅkappo pahīno hoti, vihiṃsāsaṅkappo pahīno hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu anāvilasaṅkappo hoti.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro hoti.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu suvimuttacitto hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhuno rāgā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti, dosā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti, mohā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu suvimuttacitto hoti.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhikkhu suvimuttapañño hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘rāgo me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti. ‘Doso me pahīno…pe… āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti. ‘Moho me pahīno …pe… āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu suvimuttapañño hoti. Ime dasa dhammā duppaṭivijjhā.

(Ja) ‘‘katame dasa dhammā uppādetabbā? Dasa saññā – asubhasaññā, maraṇasaññā, āhārepaṭikūlasaññā, sabbalokeanabhiratisaññā, aniccasaññā, anicce dukkhasaññā, dukkhe anattasaññā, pahānasaññā, virāgasaññā, nirodhasaññā. Ime dasa dhammā uppādetabbā.

(Jha) ‘‘katame dasa dhammā abhiññeyyā? Dasa nijjaravatthūni – sammādiṭṭhissa micchādiṭṭhi nijjiṇṇā hoti. Ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti. Sammāsaṅkappassa micchāsaṅkappo…pe… sammāvācassa micchāvācā… sammākammantassa micchākammanto… sammāājīvassa micchāājīvo… sammāvāyāmassa micchāvāyāmo… sammāsatissa micchāsati… sammāsamādhissa micchāsamādhi… sammāñāṇassa micchāñāṇaṃ nijjiṇṇaṃ hoti. Sammāvimuttissa micchāvimutti nijjiṇṇā hoti. Ye ca micchāvimuttipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti. Ime dasa dhammā abhiññeyyā.

(Ña) ‘‘katame dasa dhammā sacchikātabbā? Dasa asekkhā dhammā – asekkhā sammādiṭṭhi, asekkho sammāsaṅkappo, asekkhā sammāvācā, asekkho sammākammanto, asekkho sammāājīvo, asekkho sammāvāyāmo, asekkhā sammāsati, asekkho sammāsamādhi, asekkhaṃ sammāñāṇaṃ, asekkhā sammāvimutti. Ime dasa dhammā sacchikātabbā.


贤友们,比丘如何是已舍五支?贤友们,比丘已断欲贪,已断瞋恚,已断昏沉睡眠,已断掉举恶作,已断疑惑。贤友们,如是比丘是已舍五支。
贤友们,比丘如何是具足六支?贤友们,比丘以眼见色,不喜不忧,住于舍,具念正知。以耳闻声......以鼻嗅香......以舌尝味......以身触触......以意识法,不喜不忧,住于舍,具念正知。贤友们,如是比丘是具足六支。
贤友们,比丘如何是一护?贤友们,比丘具足念护心。贤友们,如是比丘是一护。
贤友们,比丘如何是四依?贤友们,比丘思择而受用一事,思择而忍受一事,思择而远离一事,思择而除遣一事。贤友们,如是比丘是四依。
贤友们,比丘如何是除遣别见?贤友们,比丘对诸沙门婆罗门的种种别见,皆已驱除、弃舍、吐出、解脱、断除、远离。贤友们,如是比丘是除遣别见。
贤友们,比丘如何是寻求已息?贤友们,比丘已断欲寻求,已断有寻求,梵行寻求已寂静。贤友们,如是比丘是寻求已息。
贤友们,比丘如何是无浊思惟?贤友们,比丘已断欲寻,已断恚寻,已断害寻。贤友们,如是比丘是无浊思惟。
贤友们,比丘如何是身行轻安?贤友们,比丘断乐、断苦,先前的喜忧已灭,不苦不乐,舍念清净,具足第四禅而住。贤友们,如是比丘是身行轻安。
贤友们,比丘如何是心善解脱?贤友们,比丘心从贪欲解脱,从瞋恚解脱,从愚痴解脱。贤友们,如是比丘是心善解脱。
贤友们,比丘如何是慧善解脱?贤友们,比丘了知:'我的贪欲已断,根除如截多罗树头,成为非有,于未来不再生起。'了知:'我的瞋恚已断......于未来不再生起。'了知:'我的愚痴已断......于未来不再生起。'贤友们,如是比丘是慧善解脱。这是十法难通达。
(辛)什么是十法应生起?十想:不净想、死想、食厌想、一切世间不可乐想、无常想、无常苦想、苦无我想、断想、离贪想、灭想。这是十法应生起。
(壬)什么是十法应证知?十消尽事:正见者的邪见已消尽。由邪见为缘而生的诸多恶不善法,于他也已消尽。正思惟者的邪思惟......正语者的邪语......正业者的邪业......正命者的邪命......正精进者的邪精进......正念者的邪念......正定者的邪定......正智者的邪智已消尽。正解脱者的邪解脱已消尽。由邪解脱为缘而生的诸多恶不善法,于他也已消尽。这是十法应证知。
(癸)什么是十法应证悟?十无学法:无学正见、无学正思惟、无学正语、无学正业、无学正命、无学正精进、无学正念、无学正定、无学正智、无学正解脱。这是十法应证悟。


‘‘Iti ime satadhammā bhūtā tacchā tathā avitathā anaññathā sammā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā’’ti. Idamavocāyasmā sāriputto. Attamanā te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

Dasuttarasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ ekādasamaṃ.

Pāthikavaggo [pāṭikavaggo (sī. syā. pī.)] niṭṭhito.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Pāthiko ca [pāṭikañca (syā. kaṃ.)] udumbaraṃ [pāṭikodumbarīceva (sī. pī.)], cakkavatti aggaññakaṃ;

Sampasādanapāsādaṃ [sampasādañca pāsādaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)], mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ.

Siṅgālāṭānāṭiyakaṃ , saṅgīti ca dasuttaraṃ;

Ekādasahi suttehi, pāthikavaggoti vuccati.

Pāthikavaggapāḷi niṭṭhitā.


如是这一百法是真实、如实、不虚、不异,为如来正等觉。"尊者舍利弗如是说。那些比丘欢喜、随喜尊者舍利弗所说。
十上经竟,第十一。
波梨品(波吒品)竟。
其摄颂:
波梨(波吒)与优昙婆罗,转轮与起源;
净信与妙色,大人相;
狮子吼与护卫,结集与十上;
以此十一经,名为波梨品(波吒品)。
波梨品(波吒品)毕。



Tīhi vaggehi paṭimaṇḍito sakalo

Dīghanikāyo samatto.

以三品庄严的完整
长部已圆满。


